Apart from regular wheel wear such as decreasing wheel diameters and reduced flange thicknesses and heights, wheel flats (WF) and oval wheels (or OOR, Out-Of-Roundness) are the most common wheelset problems for railwayvehicles. Within the FP7 Research Project “ Saferail” , APT has developed an innovative wheelset monitoring systemso-called “ Wheel flat and Out of Roundness Monitoring (WORM) system” . The monitoring system is installed on thetrack and is based on the vibration signals measured during the passage of trains. The main advantages of vibrationsignals are the short measurement time of just a few seconds, and the very limited number of sensors to be installed. As a consequence, the track space required for the installation of the equipment is very limited and thus the associatedinstallation cost is significantly reduced. Early detection of wheel flats combined with appropriate corrective actionnot only contributes to lower track stresses and wear, but also results in a longer wheel life. The WORM system reportsall measured vehicles via a web interface so no user software installations are necessary. A historical overviewof measurements and alarms can easily be retrieved from the proposed system. Immediate alerts can be programmedto be sent by email or text message. These advantages make the APT-WORM system as a strong device to increase theservice life of the wheel and decrease the maintenance cost by optimizing the maintenance intervals.